Cite Your Sources: Chicago Author-Date System

• Uses the author and year in parentheses as the in-text citation and uses a reference list.
• Preferred by many writers in the sciences and social sciences.
• Information in the guide is based on the 17th edition of the Chicago Manual of Style. 

• Author’s name and the year of publication enclosed in parentheses. 
  • (Smith 2010).
• You do not need to repeat any elements that are already in your sentence.
  • As Novak and Gowin (1984) point out, children find concept maps useful for learning.
• When referring to a specific section, include the page number.
  • Put simply, "to evaluate, we must have a clear notion of value" (Novak and Gowin 1984, 109)

• The reference list appears at the end of the paper.  
• The title should be References or Works Cited.
• It should include only sources that you cite in your assignment.
• List your sources alphabetically by author's last name. First author should be listed by Last name, First name.
• Entries are single spaced.
• Use a hanging indent after the first line of the entry.
• The reference list entry is structured similarly to the Bibliography (in Chicago Notes and Bibliography system), except that the publication date is the second element, following the author's name.

In-text citation:

… was tested (Morton 2001).

Reference List:

Last Name, First Name. Date. Title. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Morton, Desmond. 2001. A Short History of Canada. Toronto: McClelland & Stuart.

In-text citation:

...(Flint and Lolcama 1986).

Reference List:

Last Name, First Name. Date. “Article Title.” Journal Title volume #(no. #): page range.

Flint, Jean-Jacques, and J. Lolcama. 1986. “Buried Ancestral Drainage between Lakes Erie and Ontario.” Geological Society of America Bulletin 97(1): 221-32.

In-text citation:

... (Hom Carey 2004).

Reference List:

Last Name, First Name. Date. “Article Title.” Journal Title volume # (no. #): page range. Accessed date. doi/url.

Hom Carey, Stephanie. 2004. “The Tourist Moment.” Annals of Tourism Research 31(1): 121-34. doi:10:48903243/342890.

• Accessed date is usually considered unnecessary unless no date of publication or revision can be determined from the source. The DOI is preferred over the URL.

In-text citation:

...(Veal and Hudson 2009).

Reference List:

Last Name, First Name. Date. "Title of Chapter." In Title of Book, edited by 1 Editor First Name Last Name and 2 Editor First Name Last Name, pp-pp. Place of Publication: Publisher.

Veal, L. Ramon, and Sally Ann Hudson. 2009. "Direct and Indirect Measures for Large-Scale Evaluation of Writing." In Assessing Writing: A Critical Sourcebook, edited by Brian Huot and Peggy O'Neill, 13-17. Boston: Bedford/St.Martin's.